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Biokinetic Properties of a Xenobiotic, Notes
The biokinetic properties of a xenobiotic refer to how the substance is absorbed, distributed, metabolized, and excreted (ADME) in a biological system. These properties determine the xenobiotic’s fate, toxicity, and potential therapeutic or ... Read more
Biochemical and Microbiological Methods of Inorganic Phosphorus Removal from Wastewater, Notes
Biochemical and Microbiological Methods of Inorganic Phosphorus Removal from Wastewater Removing inorganic phosphorus (P) from wastewater is a crucial process in mitigating eutrophication, a phenomenon caused by excessive nutrient accumulation in water bodies. ... Read more
Principle of Biological Wastewater Treatment Process, Notes
The biological wastewater treatment process is based on the natural ability of microorganisms to break down organic matter in wastewater into simpler substances such as carbon dioxide, water, and biomass. Microorganisms, including bacteria, ... Read more
Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD): Definition, Significance, Sources, Procedure, Applications, Limitations, Notes
Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) is a critical parameter in wastewater analysis that measures the total amount of oxygen required to chemically oxidize organic and inorganic compounds in water. It serves as an indicator ... Read more
Fixed Film Technologies for Wastewater Treatment, Notes
Fixed film technologies are wastewater treatment methods where microorganisms grow on a stationary surface (a “film”) and treat wastewater as it flows over or through these surfaces. These technologies are widely used due ... Read more
Environmental Problems Related to Wastewater, Notes
Treatment of Wastewater: Wastewater treatment involves physical, chemical, and biological processes to remove contaminants and ensure safe discharge or reuse. Stages of Wastewater Treatment: Advanced Wastewater Treatment Techniques: Benefits of Wastewater Treatment: Efficient ... Read more
Difference Between Composting and Vermicomposting, Notes
Aspect Composting Vermicomposting Definition Decomposition of organic matter by microorganisms. Decomposition of organic matter by earthworms. Organisms Involved Bacteria, fungi, and other microorganisms. Earthworms (e.g., Eisenia fetida, Lumbricus rubellus). Process Involves aerobic microbial ... Read more
Waste Stabilization Ponds: A Sustainable Solution for Wastewater Treatment, Notes
A Waste Stabilization Pond (WSP) is a natural or engineered basin designed for treating wastewater through biological processes involving microorganisms, algae, and sunlight. It is one of the simplest and most cost-effective methods ... Read more
Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket (UASB) Reactor: An Efficient Bioreactor, Notes
Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket (UASB) Reactor: An Efficient Bioreactor The Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket (UASB) reactor is a widely used anaerobic bioreactor for wastewater treatment. It is highly efficient due to its ability ... Read more
Scopes of Environmental Biotechnology: Applications and Future Prospects
Scopes of Environmental Biotechnology Environmental biotechnology is a multidisciplinary field that leverages biological processes, organisms, and systems to address environmental challenges. It encompasses applications in pollution control, waste management, energy production, and sustainable ... Read more